Effectiveness of osmotic-controlled release oral delivery system methylphenidate in the treatment of stuttering that combined with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A case report

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in children that shows comorbidity with several psychopathology included stuttering. The prefrontal cortex is the area of brain that sends and receives projections from virtually all cortical sensory systems, motor systems, and many subcortical structures. It has been shown that psychostimulant medication increases activation of the inferior prefrontal cortex and the basal ganglia. Both functional neuroimaging and neuropsychological studies show that psychostimulant medication improves executive functions. Verbal fluency is also considered as one of the executive functions. In this article, we report osmotic-controlled release oral delivery system (OROS) methylphenidate treatment effectiveness of stuttering that combined with ADHD.